Among the over 30 trees on display in The Enchanted Forest at The Leaf is the fascinating Norfolk Island Pine (Araucaria heterophylla). Endemic to the island of its name, located in the Pacific Ocean between New Zealand and New Caledonia, Araucaria heterophylla is a fascinating pine (that’s not actually a pine!) with a unique history. Learn more about this tree’s interesting history and tips on growing one at home.

Basics: Araucaria heterophylla is a slow-growing tree that can reach heights of up to 65 meters. It’s so symmetrical in its branches and vertical trunks that, due to its perfect shape, it is sometimes called a living Christmas tree. Its leaves are soft and awl-shaped, curving upward to give it that iconic symmetrical look. This tree is not actually a pine, despite its name, but is more closely related to the monkey puzzle tree and is best suited for warm temperatures.

Its Growing History: This tree has been around for hundreds of years, having been sighted by Captain James Cook, an explorer, in the 18th century. Due to their tall, straight stature, they were initially assumed to be suitable for making masts and yards; however, it was found that Norfolk Island Pine trees were not resilient enough, and the idea was subsequently abandoned. Almost 200 years later, the trees were subjected to an attempt to establish Norfolk Island as a timber export industry, but it was deemed unsustainable by the local advisory council. They were instead reserved for local production and are now used by Hawaiian artists. A Norfolk Island pine tree bowl can run you up a few thousand dollars!

Growing Your Own: Although this tree would not fare well in external Manitoban temperatures, you can grow your own inside your home. This plant is admired for its low maintenance, needing water every two weeks and being placed in a warm, sunny spot in your home. Make sure to check its pH levels regularly, as it’s an acidic plant, and steer clear of it interacting with pets, as it is toxic to cats and dogs.

Conservation: Although Captain Cook likely encountered many Norfolk Island pines during his expeditions, the reality of Araucaria heterophylla is different today. This tree has been classified by the IUCN as Vulnerable due to farming, poor land management, and the presence of invasive species. In the wild, it now primarily grows in its native islands, and the remaining strands are protected within the Norfolk Island National Park.